CNC Machining Basics

CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machining is a subtractive manufacturing process where computer-controlled machine tools remove material from a solid block (workpiece) to create a part. It offers the highest precision and surface finish among all manufacturing processes.

Machine Types

• 3-Axis Milling — X, Y, Z linear axes; most common, cost-effective
• 4-Axis Milling — Adds rotary A-axis (rotation around X) for indexed machining
• 5-Axis Milling — Full simultaneous 5-axis for complex geometries, freeform surfaces
• CNC Turning — Rotates workpiece against fixed cutting tools; cylindrical parts
• Swiss Machining — Sliding headstock lathes for small, complex parts