Bend allowance calculation, K-factor, springback compensation and press brake tooling
BA = (π/180) × (R + K×T) × A. K-factor: R < T → 0.30; R > 4T → 0.50. Steel: 0.35-0.45; Al: 0.33-0.42.
Mild steel: 0.5T, hard steel: 1.0T, Al 5052: 0.5T, Al 6061: 1.5T. Bend perpendicular to grain.
1-3° (mild steel), 2-5° (6061-T6). Coining (>8× tonnage) eliminates springback.
| Method | Accuracy | Tonnage Factor |
|---|---|---|
| Air bending | ±1° | 1× |
| Bottoming | ±0.5° | 3-5× |
| Coining | ±0.25° | 8-10× |